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Infectious Diseases — Definitions, Pathogen Types, Host–Microbe Balance, and Opportunistic Infections

Clarifying infection vs. communicable disease, the agent–host–environment triad, roles of the microbiome, and how opportunistic pathogens cause disease under immune…

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Transmission Routes of Infectious Diseases — Concepts, Examples, and Prevention

Structured overview of how pathogens spread (respiratory, contact, fecal–oral, blood, vector, vertical, healthcare-associated) and the key interventions to interrupt transmission.

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Tetanus — Pathogenesis, Clinical Forms, Management, and Prevention

Structured guide to recognizing and treating tetanus: toxin action, clinical patterns, emergency management (TIG, wound care, spasm and autonomic control),…

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Scarlet Fever (Group A Streptococcal Exanthema) — Recognition, Treatment, and Prevention

A practical guide to identifying scarlet fever, distinguishing it from other rashes, managing complications, and using appropriate antibiotics.

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Pertussis (Whooping Cough) — Phases, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Home Care

How to recognize, confirm, and manage pertussis (whooping cough) in children, including phases of illness, complications, treatment options, home care,…

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Cholera — Rapid Recognition, Treatment, and Prevention

What to know about cholera: how it spreads, how to recognize dehydration, which treatments work (ORS, IV fluids, zinc, selective…

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Salmonella Infections — Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention (Food Poisoning vs. Typhoid)

How Salmonella spreads, what symptoms to expect, when to test, who needs antibiotics, and practical steps to prevent illness from…

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Japanese Encephalitis — Clinical Types, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

How to recognize and stage Japanese encephalitis (JE), confirm the diagnosis, provide evidence‑based care, and reduce risk with vaccination and…

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