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169 Articles

Infective Endocarditis (IE) — Pathogenesis, Diagnosis (Modified Duke), Management, and Prevention

Comprehensive overview of infective endocarditis including risk lesions, microbiology shifts, diagnostic criteria, imaging, antimicrobial/surgical management, complications, and prophylaxis indications.

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Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) — Classification, Diagnosis, and Treat-to-Target Management

Evidence-based overview of juvenile idiopathic arthritis including ILAR categories, pathogenesis, clinical evaluation, differential diagnosis, monitoring, and stepwise pharmacologic and supportive…

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Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) — Jones Criteria, Management, and Secondary Prophylaxis

Evidence-based overview of acute rheumatic fever including pathogenesis, diagnostic Jones criteria (major/minor), evaluation, treatment of the acute episode, and long-term…

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Kawasaki Disease (Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome) — Diagnostic Criteria, Management, and Coronary Follow-Up

Structured guide to recognizing Kawasaki disease (classic vs. incomplete), preventing coronary artery aneurysms with timely IVIG, and long-term cardiac surveillance.

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Infectious Diseases — Definitions, Pathogen Types, Host–Microbe Balance, and Opportunistic Infections

Clarifying infection vs. communicable disease, the agent–host–environment triad, roles of the microbiome, and how opportunistic pathogens cause disease under immune…

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Transmission Routes of Infectious Diseases — Concepts, Examples, and Prevention

Structured overview of how pathogens spread (respiratory, contact, fecal–oral, blood, vector, vertical, healthcare-associated) and the key interventions to interrupt transmission.

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Tetanus — Pathogenesis, Clinical Forms, Management, and Prevention

Structured guide to recognizing and treating tetanus: toxin action, clinical patterns, emergency management (TIG, wound care, spasm and autonomic control),…

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Scarlet Fever (Group A Streptococcal Exanthema) — Recognition, Treatment, and Prevention

A practical guide to identifying scarlet fever, distinguishing it from other rashes, managing complications, and using appropriate antibiotics.

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