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Ulcerative Colitis: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

Key Points Chronic, idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease limited to the colon and rectum, marked by continuous mucosal ulceration. Presents with…

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Acute Appendicitis

Key Points Acute inflammation of the vermiform appendix, a common surgical emergency. Peak incidence in adolescents and young adults; lifetime…

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Hereditary Tyrosinemia Type I (Hypertyrosinemia)

Key Points Rare autosomal recessive disorder due to fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) deficiency (Hereditary Tyrosinemia Type I). Accumulation of toxic metabolites…

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Galactosemia (Classic Galactosemia)

Key Points Inherited deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT), leading to toxic accumulation of galactose-1-phosphate and galactitol. Manifests in the neonatal…

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Glycogen Storage Diseases: Overview and Type I (Von Gierke Disease)

Key Points Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are inherited enzyme defects in glycogen synthesis or breakdown (Types I–XI). Type I (Von…

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Wilson’s Disease (Hepatolenticular Degeneration)

Key Points Autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism leading to toxic copper accumulation. Presents with hepatic, neurological, and psychiatric symptoms,…

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Reye Syndrome (Encephalopathy and Fatty Liver Syndrome)

Key Points Acute, potentially fatal encephalopathy with hepatic steatosis in children, often following viral infection. Strong association with aspirin use…

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Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP): Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management

Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP) Key Points AFLP is a rare, life-threatening condition in late pregnancy characterized by microvesicular…

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